Rural Markets Retail Management free essay sample

Retail Management as of late, provincial markets of India have gained essentialness, as the general development of the Indian economy has come about into significant increment in the buying intensity of the country networks. Because of green unrest, the country zones are devouring an enormous amount of mechanical and urban made items. In this specific circumstance, an uncommon showcasing system, specifically, country promoting has developed. Provincial India with its customary observation has become throughout the years, as far as pay, yet in addition regarding thinking.The country markets are developing at over multiple times quicker pace than urban markets; as anyone might expect, rustic India represents 60% of the all out national interest. Today, provincial market involves a bigger piece of our economy and it is required to develop in any event multiple times the current size. Another contributing element for rustic push was developing immersion in urban markets. To be exact, provincial advertising in Indian economy covers two expansive areas: 1. We will compose a custom exposition test on Provincial Markets Retail Management or then again any comparable subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Selling of horticultural items in the urban zones 2.Selling of made items in the rustic areas In current circumstance, our colossal populace is helping advertisers to think new showcasing methodologies. 630 Billion country populaces are more prominent than complete expending markets of numerous nations like Canada, South Korea, and so forth. Tapping the country advertise is one of the most significant showcasing systems followed by different MNCs and Indian organizations now-a-days. Various organizations in FMCG, purchaser durables just as telecom area have adjusted systems to extend their base in provincial market. Among the individuals who have just showed surprising drive in provincial market are HLL, Colgate, LG Electronics, Philips, BSNL, LIC, CavinKare, Britannia and Hero Honda. Provincial Marketing in straightforward word is arranging and execution of advertising capacity for rustic regions. Country advertising has been characterized as the way toward creating, valuing, advancing, dispersing provincial explicit items and administrations prompting trade among urban and rustic markets which fulfills customer requests and furthermore accomplishes hierarchical target.

To Kill a Mockingbird Passage

â€Å"If you had a reasonable inner voice, for what reason would you say you were terrified? † â€Å"Like I says previously, it weren’t alright for any nigger to be in aâ€fix like that. † â€Å"But you weren’t in a fixâ€you affirmed that you were opposing Miss Ewell. Is it safe to say that you were terrified to the point that she’d harmed you, you ran, a major buck like you? † â€Å"No suh, I’s terrified I’d be in court, much the same as I am presently. † â€Å"Scared of capture, terrified you’d need to look up to what you did? † â€Å"No suh, found I’d hafta face to what I didn’t do. † â€Å"Are you being impudent to me, kid? † â€Å"No suh, I didn’t go to be. † This was as much as I knew about Mr. Gilmer’s questioning, since Jem made me take Dill out. For reasons unknown Dill had begun crying and couldn’t stop; unobtrusively from the start, at that point his wails were heard by a few people in the gallery. Jem said in the event that I didn’t go with him he’d make me, and Reverend Sykes said I’d better go, so I went. Dill had appeared to be good that day, nothing amiss with him, however I speculated he hadn’t completely recouped from fleeing. â€Å"Ain’t you feeling better? † I solicited, when we arrived at the base of the steps. Dill attempted to get a hold of himself as we ran down the south advances. Mr. Connection Deas was a forlorn figure on the top advance. â€Å"Anything happenin‘, Scout? † he asked as we passed by. No sir,† I replied behind me. â€Å"Dill here, he’s wiped out. † â€Å"Come on out under the trees,† I said. â€Å"Heat got you, I anticipate. † We picked the fattest live oak and we sat under it. â€Å"It was simply him I couldn’t stand,† Dill said. â€Å"Who, Tom? † â€Å"That old Mr. Gilmer doin‘ him thataway, talking so contemptuous to himâ€â€  â€Å"Dill, that’s his activity. Why, on the off chance that we didn’t have prosecutorsâ€well, we couldn’t have guard lawyers, I figure. † Dill breathed out calmly. â€Å"I know all that, Scout. It was the manner in which he said it made me wiped out, plain wiped out. † â€Å"He’s expected to act that way, Dill, he was crossâ€â€  Page 202 He didn’t act that way whenâ€â€  â€Å"Dill, those were his own observers. † â€Å"Well, Mr. Finch didn’t act that approach to Mayella and elderly person Ewell when he questioned them. The way that man called him ‘boy’ all the time an‘ scoffed at him, an’ glanced around at the jury each time he answeredâ€â€  â€Å"Well, Dill, after all he’s only a Negro. † â€Å"I don’t care one bit. It ain’t right, by one way or another it ain’t option to do ‘em that way. Hasn’t anyone got any business talkin’ like thatâ€it just makes me debilitated. † â€Å"That’s just Mr. Gilmer’s way, Dill, he does ‘em such way. You’ve never observed him get good’n down on one yet. Why, whenâ€well, today Mr. Gilmer appeared to me like he wasn’t half difficult. They do ’em such way, most legal advisors, I mean. † â€Å"Mr. Finch doesn’t. † â€Å"He’s not a model, Dill, he’sâ€â€  I was attempting to grab in my memory for a sharp expression of Miss Maudie Atkinson’s. I had it: â€Å"He’s the equivalent in the court as he is on the open roads. † â€Å"That’s not what I mean,† said Dill. â€Å"I recognize what you mean, boy,† said a voice behind us. We thought it originated from the tree-trunk, yet it had a place with Mr. Dolphus Raymond. He looked around the storage compartment at us. â€Å"You aren’t slender hided, it just makes you wiped out, doesn’t it? † Page 203

5th Grade Informational Essay Samples - How to Prepare Your Children For School

5th Grade Informational Essay Samples - How to Prepare Your Children For SchoolYour new school year has just begun and so many of your friends are getting ready to graduate high school, but a lot of your friends are not. The time of life when kids are leaving home for the first time is a very stressful time for their parents. This is especially true if there are multiple older siblings or their parents have just remarried.The primary reason for this stress is their parents work. Now I am not saying that if you have multiple younger siblings that you will be stressed in this situation, but in my experience, it is more common than you might think. So when you are trying to decide how to get prepared for this transition in life for your children, it's important to start getting yourself prepared for their school year as early as possible.I know that it can be stressful just starting school, so I recommend taking an adult literacy course. These courses have different curriculum that focu ses on teaching students how to write and what skills they need to have in order to succeed in their future careers. They also help them learn how to connect with others in a way that they cannot do when they are in school.In my community, the education system has incorporated these courses into every school. When you take an adult literacy course, you are taking the same courses that students take in school. However, in this case, they are being offered in the evenings, or on weekdays, which allows for your kids to get more individual attention.After the school year is over, you can use these courses to further prepare yourself for their transition from school to life. Just by getting yourself ready for their school year, you can prepare yourself to handle their transition from school to life as well. It's very important that your kids know how to interact socially and that they know how to be happy with who they are, or who they want tobe, and to fit in well with the other student s in the class.It's especially important for them to learn to express themselves in formal and informal manners. This is especially true in the social realm, such as the dating scene. Getting your children to understand how to be happy with who they are and who they want to be is an important skill that you can teach them during their adult literacy courses.If you don't have your own children taking adult literacy courses, you can find books at your local library that are relevant to your kids' interests. You can usually find books on school topics, friends, the dating scene, and other important topics. You can also find some excellent educational essay samples that will show you how to write a great essay that will address these issues.This is just one of the ways that you can use information essay samples to prepare for your children's school year. Another way is to take the courses that are offered through your community college, so that your kids can be ready to handle their tra nsition to life and they can meet new people and make new friends.

Essay on “Poem”

Essay on â€Å"Poem† The poem begins with a declaration where the persona declares a stand of being voiceless in the public domain. The tone of the poem at the start portrays some who has relented in poetry and especially in the eyes of many. On the same stanza, the persona proceeds to seek solace where he asks, ‘who are you?’ she takes the assumption that the response of the audience as positive where she says, ‘then, there is a pair of us’. This tends to give a degree of comfort. The tone is changed by the exclamation where she feels comfortable in the status of having failed to make voice influence. In the last line of the last stanza, the persona warns the audience about the negative status. She warns out, ‘don’t tell, they would advertise’. This shows a negative altitude about the public who are always on the lookout for the simple mistakes made. He sends out the point that people are the main hindrance to self expression. This paragraph introduces us to the impact of humans to the inability of any given individual to express their weaknesses. The persona impacts a considerable influence to the audience in the following aspects. The major aim of the persona is to win the heart of the reader to belief that the public is bad. The reader is made to believe that the public are of no good especially when they are aware of your problems. The reader of this poem is also made to believe in the comfort of the crowd and the only way is to ensure that the crowd is unaware of your problems. Similarly, the public is still deemed unimportant to the problems of the reader as well as the persona. The public is compared to the croaking frogs. Despite the noises they make, they have minimal input into the lives of the audience or the reader. It is also important to understand the essence of the reliability of the public. The reader is made to believe that the public is not at all important but simply noise makers. In the last stanza, the persona gives further reasons for the caution of the public. He feels that it is best if the she is completely closed from the reach of the public in all his affairs. He negatively perceives the public. Mainly, he feels, one would be compelled that she has had past bad experiences with the public. The level of irony is that the he is expected to develop poems for the public, and mainly the public constitutes the audience yet, he has a negative attitude towards them. He expects to make the best out of them by responding to their negative response to her problems yet he is wary them know her problems. Writing techniques: The persona has used rhymes to bring out the negative response of the crowd. They are interested in making themselves look important, ‘like frog, to an admiring bog’. The crowd seems to admire the agony that he is going through, yet they are so outspoken that they want to appear important. The persona uses rhetoric questions such as, ‘how dreary, to be somebody’. He rules out the importance or any goodness of letting the problems known to the public. Having to mask the identity prevents the audience from suffering the dreariness of the croaking crowd. Parataxis has been used to bring out the attitude of the poem , for instance, ‘To tell ones name- the livelong June’. It is mind provoking that the understanding of the individual detail cause more public harm than good. Anaphora has been used to being the play of words in the poem such as tone. For instance, the persona says, ‘how dreary, how public’. These are two independent lines and the reader is triggered to think that the dreary is used as public. This gives resonance as well as repetition which enhance emphasis. Parataxis is one of the uses of lingual techniques which have been used to deliver the theme by the ‘tutor. ‘How public, like a frog.’ She draws comparisons between the character traits as portrayed in the poem. The persona gives much weight to the characters of the crowd where she compares them to frogs. The reader is compelled to sympathize with both the audience and the crowd who tentatively are incapable of relying upon each other. The above techniques have been used by the persona to enhance rhythm. This is important because it creates an inner appeal and conviction that problems should remain undisclosed. The persona understands the crowd. With this understanding, the reader knows the degree to which the audience should trust the public with their problems. With further emphasis, the persona woos the audience in the first stanza where he incorporates them in her unity of self conservation. The audience is

Ethical Issues Regarding The Human Resource Management

Introduction For fairness and justice to prevail in any working or employment relationship, some issues concerning ethics must be dealt with. The Human resource management section of any company is responsible for effectively and systematically managing people in the institution to achieve the desired goals. People must be managed productively. It’s also the responsibility of the HRM to ensure there is a healthy and safe workplace. This paper aims at identifying five ethical issues that exist in the field of HRM and then ranks the issues by the importance placed on them by relevant stakeholders. The paper concludes by showing the impact of each issue, its relevance to current and future stakeholders and offers some recommendation on the way forward. Ethics and HRM. Ethics is a branch of philosophy that deals with morality questions. The branch deals with issues such as what is bad or good, fair or unfair and even what is right and wrong. In its dealing, the HRM faces some ethical issues that have far reaching consequences to the employees of the organization. Therefore, before making any decision that has a moral issue of concern, the HRM must check the various alternatives available. Equity Equity in an organization is one of the ethical issues that HRM struggles to maintain. This is because equity lays the foundations upon which social regulations in the name of equality as well as spirit and justice are based upon. Equity also determines the level of mutual respect andShow MoreRelatedThe Ethics Of Organizational Behavior Essay1381 Words   |  6 Pagescreated questions pertaining to the topic, and interviewed Mr. Zammitti. A major topic regarding organizational behavior focuses on the ethical values the company works to institute and how those values aim to establish an environment supportive of positive behavior and little mitigation of conflict. In addition, the organization must be able to handle behavioral issues among employees, recognize the core issue, and develop programs to create positive change. Instrumentation Laboratory makes no exceptionRead MoreManagement Knowledge And Concept Issues During The Foundation Of Management1508 Words   |  7 PagesThere are a lot of the management knowledge and concept issues during the foundation of management from week 1 to week 5. Therefore, I am going to have a discussion on four different areas of the management study which has the most relevant to the effective management of contemporary organization. The four different areas of management which I learnt are the workforce diversity, the principle of the scientific management, Maslows’ theory of human needs, and the ethical behaviors of the organizationRead MoreEthics in Red Bull1195 Words   |  5 Pagesabove statement instigates questions regarding the above product. For instance, many at times Red Bull has been mistaken for an alcoholic drink. It contains caffeine elements which medics believe that it has some effects on the body. Moreover, there exists a concern regarding the management of the Red Bull cans that is critical to the management of the environment. Owing to the above elucidations, this paper in writing seeks to discuss ethical issues regarding the Red Bull drink, as well as, profferRead MoreEthical Issues in Hrm Strategy1200 Words   |  5 PagesEthical Issues in HRM Strategy Richard H. Hill Dr. Grace M. Endres July 18, 2012 Strayer University Abstract This paper concerns itself with the role of Human Resource Management and the role it plays in the development of corporate strategy. Additional, the paper addresses the issue of ethics concerning Human Resource Managers sharing information learned from a previous client with the new client. Identify the areas of overlap in the new client organization with others that you haveRead MoreCode Of Ethics And Stakeholders1162 Words   |  5 Pages (Company Name)Human Resources Department commitment to stakeholders is very important and reflects the highest standards regarding professional ethics and conducts. All stakeholders’ role in the company is vital for success. The human resources goal is to comply with ethical codes, policies and procedures as well as all state, federal, and national laws. (Company Name) has a reputation for integrity, and this integrity reflects the company’s code of conduct. The human resources is a goal-orientedRead MoreThe Ethics Of The Executive Officer Of Citibank Essay892 Words   |  4 Pagesdirected by the ethical beliefs and values. It has been found that the dignity and right of the employees have been expressed by the ethics of leaderships. In this assignment the chosen organization for study is Citibank. Citibank was started in the year of 1812 at New York City. They started their business in New Zealand in 1902. It has been observed that Citibank has developed their code of ethics and the management has taken the help the code of ethics to control the functions. 1. Ethical leadershipRead MoreEthics Of Human Resources : Ethics1593 Words   |  7 PagesEthics In Human Resources Logan Fjelstad March 13, 2015 Ethics In Human Resources Ethics in the workplace are an important part of any business owner or business managers job. The human resources department or HR deal with a vast array of different ethical challenges. HR departments deal directly with everyone employed by a company. HR can include many ethical pitfalls that can lead to a bad reputation or damage a companies financial sustainability if the situation is notRead MoreEthical Issues Within The Whole Merger Process Essay1709 Words   |  7 Pagesconsideration for the legal and ethical issues within the whole merger process, accompanying with suggested implementation plan for managing the prospect legal and ethical anxieties for the merger, the proposed plan clarifies establishing an ethical and healthy work environment with proposed resolution to the mentioned issues. Consideration of the ethical issues during the whole merge process. The HR management interface with complex ethical issues. The ethical dilemmas definition is when moreRead MoreInvasion Of Privacy And Discrimination Essay1452 Words   |  6 PagesTechnology, Ethical or Unethical? Technology has enhanced and improved every aspect of our lives and our businesses are no different. Even though we have made huge progress in terms of technology and what not, yet one can always use these technologies in a way that can negatively impact our lives. It all comes down to morality and ethics. In this essay I will be discussing the Ethical issues within Human Resource Management in relation to the invasion of privacy and discrimination and how Human ResourceRead MoreThe Ethics Of Business Ethics1471 Words   |  6 Pagesbusiness ethics is growing rapidly in the business community around the world. Business ethics are focused on the judgment of decisions taken by managers and their behaviors. The issue regarding these judgments is the norms and cultures that shape these judgments. Business ethics are concerned about the issue, how will the issue be solved and how will it move ahead along the transition analysis as well (Carroll, 2014). Business ethics can be addressed at different levels that include business, societal

The Drinking Age Should Be Lowered - 1542 Words

In today’s world alcohol has a major role. Whether it be for celebratory reasons or the exact opposite many people love to have an alcoholic beverage. Some enjoy getting a slight buzz off of it while others love to let go and and get drunk but for the most part it is an enjoyable act. Around the world many different countries have different laws placed on drinking alcohol and some are controversial. With the majority of the world having a drinking age of 18 years old many often wonder why does the United States have their own at 21 years of age. This has been a topic of much discussion and drama ever since the law was put in place by the US government. There are many people who agree with the law the US have placed on alcohol but there are even more people who have a problem with it. Not only do these people have a problem with the age but they also have their points in why the drinking age should be lowered to 18 years. Many American students have their first taste of alcohol when they get to college. These individuals are experiencing this for the first time at what is most likely an unsupervised event at a fraternity house or somewhere else away from parents and authority. The excitement of having an alcoholic drink for the first time often leads to these young adults to drinking more than they can handle. Because these kids have no sense of safety regarding drinking, a dangerous situation may quickly arise. If the drinking age is lowered to 18, then these individualsShow MoreRelatedShould The Drinking Age Be Lowered?995 Words   |  4 Pages Should the legal drinking age be lowered to age 18? Recently people have been debating whether If the drinking age should be lowered to 18. Some people think 18 is a better age but others think it’s outrageous to lower the drinking age to 18. After much reading and observing, I myself think the drinking age should be kept at 21 years old,because you ng adults who drink while they re underage make poor decisions and majority of the young adults are in college lacking in classes. The legal drinkingRead MoreShould The Drinking Age Be Lowered?853 Words   |  4 Pagesactivities around their friends to feel like they are a part of the team. Many people often wonder if the court of law stepped in and changed the age of drinking would this help the case of underage drinking. This proposed law would lower the drinking age to make the teenagers less rebellious and allow them to feel more like adults. If the drinking age were to be lowered then teenagers would feel as if they didn’t have to drink every day because they wouldn’t have to wonder when this opportunity will happenRead MoreShould The Drinking Age Be Lowered?875 Words   |  4 Pages Should the Drinking Age Be Lowered? Should the legal drinking age be lowered to age 18? Recently people have been debating whether If the drinking age should be lowered to 18. Some people think 18 is a better age but others think it’s outrageous to lower the drinking age to 18. After much reading and observing, I myself think the drinking age should be kept at 21 years old,because young adults who drink while they re underage make poor decisions and majority of the young adults are in collegeRead MoreThe Drinking Age Should Not Be Lowered1135 Words   |  5 Pages In today’s society, underage drinking is seen all around us. It is in TV shows, movies, schools, and even in our own communities. Although it may be understood as something we are not supposed to do, many of these shows do not depict the real issues that can come from drinking under age. While only 11% of the alcohol sold in America is consumed by those under the age of twenty-one, it is still a horrific, nationwide problem. Alc ohol is a drug that can make you do things you would neverRead MoreThe Drinking Age Should Not Be Lowered1705 Words   |  7 Pagespassed The National Minimum Drinking Age Act of 1984 which enforces the legal drinking age and purchasing of alcohol in the United States to be twenty-one. Since then, the debated idea of whether or not the drinking age should be lowered to eighteen has been an ongoing topic for decades. Alcoholism affects many people in the United States but promoting it at such young age would not be such a great idea for the youths in today’s society.The drinking age should not be lowered due to the fact that itRead MoreShould The Drinking Age Be Lowered? Essay2027 Words   |  9 PagesShould The Drinking Age Be Lowered? One of the major problems today in United States society is the amount of people in college who are drinking while underage. Every day on college campuses we see rebellious young adults disobey the law and drink alcohol under the age of 21. How would things be different if the drinking age was lowered? Would college students abuse it or is it a good idea? Many people believe the drinking age should be kept where it is now based on statistics. I feel the drinkingRead MoreShould The Drinking Age Be Lowered?994 Words   |  4 PagesShould the Drinking Age Be Lowered? Approximately 2 out of every 3 high school students have drank to the point of getting intoxicated (binge drink), in more than one occasion (Centers for Disease and Control Prevention [CDC], n.d.). Binge drinking has become increasingly common for youth under the minimum legal drinking age, making it increasingly dangerous because of the lack of supervision that young adults have that can consequently, lead to death because of fear of the law (Bonnie O’ConnellRead MoreThe Drinking Age Should Not Be Lowered1639 Words   |  7 PagesMost people would concur that alcohol should not be given to teenagers. Despite the fact that we concede to this essential truth, underage drinking is still a noteworthy issue in our nation. Since adolescents need development and information with regards to liquor, they put themselves, as well as others in incredible danger when they decide to consume. Regardless of the risk, there are individuals out there who believe that the drinking age should be lowered. However, their argument is weak, andRead MoreThe Drinking Age Should Be Lowered2353 Words   |  10 PagesDrinking Age Over the years the drinking age or the drinking laws have been questioned and changed many times. For a few years now more recently question being, should the drinking age be lowered to eighteen? Or why shouldn’t it? In the United States, binge drinking has been a big problem. Its one of the top causes for traffic tragedies as well as other health issues that come along with it, especially among college students. However since the drinking age has changed from being 18 to 21 thereRead MoreThe Drinking Age Should Be Lowered1599 Words   |  7 Pagesmany years is whether the drinking age should be lowered to eighteen years old, as opposed to where it is now, at twenty one. Some argue that at age eighteen, a person is legally an adult and able to go to war, vote, and partake in other adult activities. If they are an adult at this age, why are they unable to legally drink alcohol? There are numerous reasons why drinking is unsafe for those under twenty one. The drinking age is s et at age twenty one for a reason, and should stay that way. Some states

Balancing Competing Interests of SPC Ardmona †Free Samples

Question: Discuss about the Balancing Competing Interests of SPC Ardmona. Answer: Introduction SPC Ardmona is an Australian based company traded as SPC, Shepparton Preserving Company.It is currently owned by parent company coca cola Amatil that specialises in large-scale fruit packaging. It is the largest current producer of premium packaged fruits and vegetables in Australia, accounted for processing 150,000 tons of fresh fruit and tomatoes from its proud supporter of Goulburn Valley community. However challenging economic conditions had led to the contraction in output of SPCA. It started in 1990 when Australian food industry had faced a decade of significant difficulties. Firstly due to consumer change in taste and preferences to freshly produced fruits and secondly due to increase in overseas competition (Hiscock, 2015). Dispute Many other factors affected SPC such as its export market share in Canada who switched its import to the United States from America. High-interest rates and recession worsened the situation leading to the closure of most businesses in the sector resulting in a whopping loss of 2.6 million dollars by SPC. Such a huge loss discouraged the stakeholders leading to the election of a new board. The incoming board contracted KPMG Peat Marwick to review its affairs and make necessary recommendations which were to be acted upon by the management. As a result, some of the actions taken by the company included reducing permanent workforce, the closure of two off-shot loss-making business, termination of joint venture business and pay less and re-staffing. The banks were still not contented with such initiatives and therefore demanded additional security in granting loans. This called for the implementation of further actions to cut the production cost. Some of the other plans taken of which bot h the management and the union disputed over include weekly pay cuts for employees, roistered day offs, high pay on weekends. This had altered the industrial awards and had created an issue among the unions and government. Environmental factors that contributed to the dispute Economic factors The economic condition of Australia wasnt good; it was going through a deep recession where people were losing about 600 jobs a day, and 80% of Victorians were registering for unemployment benefits (Ball, 2014). The other factor was the market demand shift towards fresh farm produce and the infiltration of cheap Chinese imports. China being an international leader agri-business, exports its canned foods which are relatively inexpensive in Australia whose food industry has not developed in food canning. A group called friends of SPC was formed with the Former mayor, Jeremy Gaylord as its head with the mindset that closure of SPC could have an adverse effect on Shepparton. It was the largest business in Shepparton contribution 40$ million into the local economy whereas employing around 300 permanent and 1000 seasonal workers in the peak time between January and April. Political Factors The political lobbying that led to the governments rejection of the plea by SPC Ardmona for financial support of $25 million was a step that far much overshadowed the broader issue that affected the food industry of Australia. The state opposition ( the coalition of the national and liberal party) indicated their support for SPC contrary to the government. Furthermore, there was support from various labor group. The trade union also was politicized in its quest for the justice of the employees although its effect was not much felt like that of the state (Bailey and Peetz, 2015). SPC commissioned a survey where 88% of the public supported the company and employee in negotiation deal to keep the company alive and secure the jobs. Social Factors Some of the recommendations by the KPMG affected both the permanent and casual employees of SPC. These included reducing permanent workforce, the closure of two off-shot loss-making business, termination of joint venture business and pay less and re-staffing, weekly pay cuts for employees, roistered day off, and high pay on weekends. Some of these decisions contravened the some of the provisions of the Fair Work Commission of Australia thus sparking industrial strikes and petitions (Stewart, 2011). Stakeholders in the dispute: The employer The SPC management acted on the recommendations from the KPMG and the prospective banks that were to offer to fund. The recommendations majorly included the reduction of labor costs by disengaging 25 percent of the permanent employees through voluntary dismissal and normal attrition. Also, the offshoot businesses that made losses were shut down, termination of the contract with the canned food processing company, and the reduction of fruit prices from farmers . The new management recruited a new managing director who replaced all managers except the personnel manager thus coming up with a new management team. This move was preferable because the new management consented to the reduction of pay cut just like the new board directors whose remuneration was reduced by half. Still, the banks were not contented with the changes and thus recommended further decisions to be made to qualify the company for funds. The primary option that the corporation management took was to cut labor costs b y 11.5 % across the board. After considering the reduction of labor costs as the best decision to saving the company, the management did not take the initiative of discussing the decisions with the unions that represent the-the SPC employees as it was the standard practice. Instead, the management directly engaged the employees on such deliberations a course whose motive is not clear. After reaching a consensus with its employees, the SPC leadership did not consult the Australian Industrial Relations Commission (AIRC), but to the contrary, they contracted the International Public Relations (IPR), which they were mandated with the role of publicizing the agreement to the media, two days after the consensus. The SPC only notified the Union ten days after the approval date and five days after it was trending in the press. The employees The employees of SPC Ardmona were involved in the dispute because of the effect it had on their jobs. The company had taken measures to try and reduce production cost to continue surviving in the market. Some of the decisions included changes in provisions regarding cashing out of sick leave, redundancy payments, entitlements, and allowances, etc. regarding the sick leave. The SPC managements decision to reduce labor costs was directly discussed with the employees instead of through the labor unions. The shop stewards in response devised a package that would as well minimize the production costs of the company but at the same time reduce the severe impact of weekly pay cuts of the staff . Whereas the proposed pay cuts were achieved, the agreement required the employees to relinquish the initial employment terms and conditions agreed in their awards. This meant that the workers could no longer be entitled to rostered days off, weekend rates, and shift penalties and stipends (Bray and Macneil, 2011). Fascinatingly, the package which was to last for twelve months minimized the terms and conditions of the awards without affecting the most of the over-award payments. The SPC management also agreed with the employees to initiate a profit-sharing scheme a year after the company regained its initial profitability. This agreement was overwhelmingly supported through secret ballot by the permanent workforce. However, the temporary workers were not consulted in the agreement neither were they invited to the meeting whose aim was to vote for the agreement, a direct contravention of their rights (Buddelmeyer, and Wooden, 2011). These seasonal workers were to be profoundly affected by the pay cuts more than the permanent employees. The fact that most of these seasonal workers lived in Shepparton were relatives to most of the permanent employees and members of the Food Preservers Union aggravated the matter. The Federal Government One of the major stakeholders in the SPC Ardmona dispute was the government particularly in the manner employee relations were handled (Steel, 2013). The state and the federal governments both were in support of the industrial association processes that were inexistent as per the provisions of the industrial relations (Enterprise Bargaining in Australia, 2013). Their objective was preventing the dispute from being politicized and that it didnt escalate to levels of complicating the industrial relations system that existed. They aimed to achieve this by keeping a low profile in their involvement and thus moderating it. However, the Labour government of Victoria refused to be involved in the dispute for reasons the government treated the issue as a matter in the private sector that needed to be solved only through the existing processes. According to Senator Cook, the objective of the Federal Government was to ensure that the SPC dispute did not become an obstacle to the industrial rel ations system. The Industrial Relations Minister tried to expedite the resolution of the issue but ended up stating that the AIRC parties were the ones who could solve the matter amicably. The minister did not stop at this but went ahead and met the SPC management in Canberra for consultation with Primary Industry minister and the advised the organization to find ways of awarding the variations. Furthermore, he suggested that over-award payments be cut for the permanent staff and to temporarily suspend the non-award work activities. In order to minimise the possibility of politicizing the dispute, the minister for Industrial Relations warned the opposition from meddling in the matter. Through the media and parliament, Senator Cook repeatedly reminded the opposition and other companies that any variation from the awards had to be ratified by the AIRC. The Resolution The response of the union was quick to respond after realizing that the SPC had violated the award system. Immediately, the Victorian Trades Hall Council (VTHC) suggested the union representatives and the SPC management meet and resolved the stalemate. However, the meeting never matured, and the union single handed postponed the meeting by directions from the AIRC, a decision that is a hindrance towards the resolution of industrial disputes (Townsend, Wilkinson and Burgess, 2013). The disagreement was also on the SPCs disregard of the number of representatives to attend the meeting. The community also was engaged in the negotiation of the rights of workers regarding terms and conditions of employment. Additionally, the politicians from the Liberal and National parties also joined the debates and fuelled it further. The hearing of the dispute was referred to the president of the IRC for consideration which found out that the parties involved in the case had not committed themselves fu lly to its resolution and therefore it needed not the full bench as requested by the SPC. Various factors were discussed between the unions and SPC with the aim of solving the stalemate. The findings indicated that first; the SPC management had committed procedural flaws in the variation of the award provisions under the supervision of experienced managers who in their capacity knew the outline procedures. Secondly, the hiring of the public relations company and the publication of the issues before informing the responsible unions was a gross violation. Therefore, based on the preceding conclusions, the union assumed that the board and senior management of SPC aimed at challenging the award system. However, the SPC Company excused their quick actions citing the pressures from the banks to resolve their financial quagmire, the Australia economic recession, increased competition from imports which the government had sanctioned (Hattersley, Isaacs, and Burch, 2013). Irrespective of the challenges surrounding the dispute, the SPC management was able to increase the workers pay by 2.5 percent which was claimed as a gross overpay. The company was also able to secure funds from the Victorian government, in 2014 the Woolworths and SPCA were able to sign a contract for the supply of additional tonnes of local fruits for over five years. Furthermore, the merger of Shepparton Preserving Company (SPC) and Ardmona in 2002 enhanced its competition. In 2005, the Coca-Cola Amatil acquired the company to stabilize it further. Resolution effective to stakeholders or not I think The SPC settlement of disputes was not beneficial to most of the stakeholders. First, because the decision to merge it with Ardmona reduced their shares and was not their original intention. Furthermore, the decision to buy out the organization to Coca-Cola relinquished any ownership that existed before. But for the case of the employees, the decision was beneficial because they could regain their pay cuts and continue to work in a thriving company even though acquired by different owners who also guaranteed job satisfaction. To the government as part of the stakeholders, the decision was beneficial because the company could still generate tax for the state as before. The SPC dispute shows that conflicts about industrial relations if not handled properly can impact other organizational ties. This conflict suggests that employee relations are complex and interconnected with various parties of interest such as the unions, government, employees and the management. References Bailey, J. and Peetz, D., 2015. Australian unions and collective bargaining in 2014.Journal of Industrial Relations,57(3), pp.401-421. Ball, L.M., 2014.Long-term damage from the Great Recession in OECD countries(No. w20185). National Bureau of Economic Research. Bray, M. and Macneil, J., 2011. Individualism, collectivism, and the case of awards in Australia.Journal of Industrial Relations,53(2), pp.149-167. Buddelmeyer, H. and Wooden, M., 2011. Transitions out of casual employment: the Australian experience.Industrial Relations: A Journal of Economy and Society,50(1), pp.109-130. Department of Industrial Relations 2013, Enterprise Bargaining in Australia, Commonwealth of Australia, Canberra. Farrar, J., Hiscock, M. and Lo, V.I. eds., 2015.Australia's Trade, Investment and Security in the Asian Century. World Scientific. Hattersley, L., Isaacs, B. and Burch, D., 2013. Supermarket power, own-labels, and manufacturer counterstrategies: international relations of cooperation and competition in the fruit canning industry.Agriculture and human values,30(2), pp.225-233. Hiscock, M., 2015. Shepparton Preserving Company: The Tomato Processing Industry and the National Interest.World Scientific Book Chapters, pp.83-94. Steel, K.M., 2013. Point of View: A Significant Regional Industrial Dispute from a Novel Perspective.Provenance, (12). Stewart, A., 2011. Fair Work Australia: The Commission Reborn? 1.Journal of Industrial Relations,53(5), pp.563-577. Townsend, K., Wilkinson, A. and Burgess, J., 2013. Is enterprise bargaining still a better way of working?.Journal of Industrial Relations,55(1), pp.100-117

5 top tracking apps for your 2018 goals

5 top tracking apps for your 2018 goals The end of 2017 is right around the corner, and if you’re like most people your brain is turning towards setting goals for yourself for 2018. Also, you may be realizing that you’re about to embark on a familiar cycle: setting a bunch of grand plans for yourself for the coming year that quickly fall apart, sometimes before you even get to shout â€Å"Happy New Year!† If this sounds like your typical end-of-year behavior, don’t feel too bad- you’re not alone! According to a recent Huffington Post article, â€Å"Only  8 percent of people  actually keep their New Year’s resolutions, according to one commonly cited statistic. There are many reasons  people can’t stick to their resolutions, from setting too many of them to getting derailed by small failures. Setting overly ambitious and restrictive goals―like quitting sugar when you haven’t already been making small changes to improve your diet―is one major cause of failure. While you might initially feel inspired and energized by setting blowout goals for 2017, the luster of these resolutions fades quickly when we realize how difficult they are to keep.†That said, setting goals for 2018 may seem daunting―but there is a path towards success and there are tools for helping you stay on track. These days, you don’t need anything more than your smartphone and a helpful tracking app to keep you focused and on target as you work towards your goals.There are a ton of goal-tracking apps available, and choosing the right one for you can become a big project in and of itself. Take a deep breath- we’ve gone ahead and selected five of the most helpful goal-tracking apps available to help you achieve your goals in the new year.1. GoalsOnTrackBilling itself as â€Å"goal software for high achievers,† GoalsOnTrack empowers users to create SMART-based goals (Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Realistic, and Timely) and provi des lots of useful features to help users stay on track- like braking down large, long-term goals into easier-to-manage and organize milestones and subgoals. GoalsOnTrack also allows you to set focused action plans, recurring tasks (with helpful reminders!), and task schedules that are easy to update and adjust with you. It even has a journaling option and customizable music and photo features to help keep you motivated and visualize success.2. Coach.meThis handy habit-tracking app features a free mobile version as well as customizable fee-based options, which even includes a real coach to help keep your goals for 2018 within reach. Once you set a habit for yourself using the app, you can begin tracking your daily progress, set helpful targets and reminders, view weekly and monthly behavior trends, and even connect with a supportive community for encouragement and guidance- all designed to help you form new and positive habits in your life.3. StridesStrides is a free, an all-in-one goal and habit tracking app that features a variety of helpful tracking templates that you can use, or ones that you can customize. It has a host of helpful visuals that are accessible from a central dashboard, which makes it easy to see your progress (or lack thereof) and retool accordingly. Users of the free app version can track up to 10 goals at a time on any of their iOS-based devices; users who require greater flexibility and power can take advantage of the fee-based Strides Plus premium plan.4. Way of LifeWay of Life calls itself â€Å"The Ultimate Habit Builder and Breaker† and features a wide range of helpful visual tracking features, including pie charts, bar charts with easy-to-read trend lines, and a scoreboard that provides instant feedback. It also allows you to tag, skip, share, and archive goals, set multiple daily reminders, take notes, and export to email and other apps. The free version lets you track up to three goals, habits, or behaviors that you want to increase or decrease; fee-based options let you unlock additional features and resources.5. ATrackerIs your busy life a daily struggle to get everything done and keep track of it all? If so, then ATracker just might be the lifesaver you need. This time-tracking app is designed to make sure that you’re maximizing your time each day towards effectively pursuing your goals. The app lets you track the time you spend on a variety of chosen tasks and view daily breakdowns in pie charts or bar graphs- so you can quickly see how your waking hours are being spent and make adjustments accordingly. There are free and fee-based versions available, based on your individual needs and goals.There you have it- the top tracking apps to help you set your goals for 2018 and stay on track. All you need to do is select the one that seems best for you, and not let excuses get in the way of you achieving your goals.

Outlaw Platoon by Sean Parnell

Outlaw Platoon by Sean Parnell The book â€Å"Outlaw Platoon† by Sean Parnell is story on heroism. The author begins by explaining how he became the commander of the infantry platoon at the age of twenty-four. This paper explores how Sean Parnell lived and displayed three army values as he describes in the book. The three values identified from the book include â€Å"duty, respect, and personal courage†.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on â€Å"Outlaw Platoon† by Sean Parnell specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More From the book, it is notable that the author displayed and lived most of the army values. The first value that comes out clearly from the book is that of â€Å"duty†. After the platoon arrived at their base in Afghanistan, â€Å"the insurgents attacked them with rocket fire† (Sean 12). The fire killed and even wounded several children. As a soldier, Parnell ran into the village to help one of the little girls. H e grabbed the girl and sprinted towards the First Aid Station. The girl was bleeding in his arms. Afterwards, â€Å"the image of the bleeding girl came back to him when he was in bed† (Sean 15). Parnell had to accept the situation and move on with his life. As well, he believed that the other soldiers in the platoon must have had experienced a similar scene. This shows clearly how the soldier lived the value of duty. It is also a sign of commitment towards helping civilians and children. The value of â€Å"duty† requires that the soldiers do more than what is required of them. The other value that is evident from the book is that of â€Å"respect†. According to this army value, soldiers are supposed to treat other people well and with respect. Through respect, soldiers are able to appreciate the best in all the other people. During the 16 months in Afghanistan, the author explains how he encountered the noblest attributes of human spirit. Through respect, the so ldiers were able to develop the best bonds amongst themselves. Although this was the only way for the men to survive, Parnell upheld the value of â€Å"respect† thus developing the best relationships with the soldiers. The author goes further to explain how they worked as a team. Parnell clearly understood that every individual had something to contribute towards the success of the operation (Sean 104). The book goes further to present the value of â€Å"personal courage†. Personal courage is one of the oldest values associated with the American army. During the 16 months, Parnell was always ready to face adversity and danger. The team endured physical challenges and risked their safety in order to help others. The approach made it easier for them to attack the insurgents. According to the author, the platoon was fighting a strong infantry. The insurgents were seasoned and properly armed. It was only through courage that they would survive and win the fight. For instan ce, Parnell describes how he courageously helped one of the solders by the name Garvin after an attack (Sean 182).Advertising Looking for essay on american literature? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The insurgents had no mercy because their objective was to â€Å"behead the American soldiers† (Sean 128). Although the insurgents did their very best to overrun the American soldiers, Parnell explains how their team remained strong in order to survive and go back home alive. This is a sign of personal courage. With courage, faith, and love for each other, most of the soldiers were able to return home alive. Together with the soldiers, Parnell displayed and lived most of the army values thus making the infantry platoon successful despite the challenges and obstacles encountered (Sean 126). In conclusion, Parnell’s book is a story of courage and selfless commitment. Parnell, Sean. Outlaw Platoon: Heroes, Re negades, Infidels, and the Brotherhood of War in Afghanistan. New York: William Morrow Paperbacks, 2013. Print.

Improve implement of transport route planning in SMEs Company in Literature review

Improve implement of transport route planning in SMEs Company in Thailand - Literature review Example This role is thus played by transport route planning players, who get the information to the right people, at the right time, and the right cost – as most of these service packages are offered over the internet and accessible to the general public (Niekerk and Voogd 1999; Paulus, Krch and Scholz 2006; National Public Health Partnership 2001). 1. TRANSPORT ROUTE PLANNING 1.1 Definition of transport route planning A transport route planner is a dedicated electronic search engine system, which is used to find the most appropriate journey between two different locations using some mode of transport. Transport route planners have received wide usage in the travel and transport business and industry in general, since the 1970s. These models are run by booking agents, who are accessed over a user interface model from a computer terminal (Oliveira and Ribeiro 2001; Jassen 1992). The services of these agents are supplemented by call support centers, which offer information on transport means and models. With the continued development and usage of the internet, self-service internet-based transport route planner interfaces have been developed, for use by a given client populations or the general public. Transport route planners are most times used together with reservation systems and ticketing models, or simply to offer information on schedule information. Transport route planning is a model of journey planning, which is carried out to offer information on available transport models (Nelson, Lain and Dillenburg 1993; Powell, et al. 1993). Recently, transport route planning services have been offered over the internet, where the process prompts the entry of information on destinations and places of origin – which are processed using the transport route planning engine to locate a route between the two locations entered into the planning interface. Examples of transport route planning include those of municipal authorities, which oversee the running of rail or bus travel. For instance, there is the case of the London tube route planning, which encompasses the organization of trip planning going through the London tube. In the case of London, there are multimodal route planning services, including those offering cycling travel services. 2. TRANSPORT ROUTE STRATEGY 2.1 Definition of Transport route planning strategy Transport route planning strategy is the formulation of a transport route blueprint, which is created and expected to serve the improvement of the wellbeing and successful everyday travel planning among the community members of a given society, in this case Thailand. The strategy involves set targets related to the development and provision of information on strategic routes, among other available routines along different cities, streets and corridors in the shortest time possible. This involves strategic infrastructure, which covers the area of ensuring that the provision of social and economic infrastructure and information on these resources is adjusted to meet population growth needs and need equitability. The importance of strategic transport route planning is outlined within the context of a number of areas and subjects (Pereira and Perez 2000; Render et al. 2006). These include

Zhang Xin Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 2

Zhang Xin - Essay Example Zhang use of these colors on his artwork symbolizes the unity of the human beings which he relates with history. The dark colors on the painting reflect painter’s idea of preventing access to the past and by incorporating such colors and war materials such as armor, horses, and swords into his work, Zhang directly engages the observer with the question of history and memory, reality and truth (Honour and Fleming). I like Zhang artwork because through his paintings, he exposes more information about history as well as bringing about memories of truth and reality. Colors and materials incorporated into the paintings say more about the â€Å"vexed subject† of history. The idea drawn from the pictures is relevant because it helps me understand history more vividly. One thing that does not escape from Zhang painting is his ability to connect his artwork with the great events happening throughout history and the entire view of the world. The attached paint of two cocks fighting elucidates the painter’s genuine creativity whose receptiveness influences a broader range of studies. The fighting cocks expresses strength, majesty and perhaps dynamic forces of the stronger. Just the green color symbolizes healing and perseverance, probably the paint stands for the injustices and oppression of the weak. However, as mentioned earlier, Zhang paintings concentrated on humanity and connectedness with

Good Research Topic Essay Example for Free

Good Research Topic Essay Many at times choosing an appropriate topic seem like a herculean task as a lot of problem areas may come to mind at the time of choosing the topic. What is more frustrating is being able to settle on a brilliant topic. Choosing the research topic is one of the most critical steps in conducting a successful by all standards. The truth is, the search for a good research topic is a daunting task, especially when researchers are often expected to know how to identify or figure out a good research question by themselves. It also is important for us to keep in mind that an initial topic that we come up with may not be the exact topic which we end up writing about. Research topics are often fluid and dictated more by the students ongoing research rather than by the original chosen topic. Such fluidity is common in research, and should be embraced as one of its many characteristics. The ability to identify and develop a good research topic depends on a number of factors. Fortunately, with every problem, there is always a place at which we can use as a starting point that will hopefully lead us to a desirable solution. The first important factor to consider when selecting or choosing a good research topic is to choose a topic that is of interest to them. The researcher should be able to ask themselves and identify where their interest lies, after all every individual will have at least an interest in one area or another. The fact that students approach their supervisors/ advisors with questions if they are faced with any confusion when conducting their research, the importance of the research advisor also having an interest in the chosen topic cannot be over emphasised. Research supervisors or advisors to a large extent, has a duty to coach, and give critical comments and reviews to the chosen topic. Uri Alon, a theoretical physics major turned systems biology expert (who is now one of the most renowned scientists in his field), per his own experience gave this piece of advice; â€Å"listen to your inner voice. † As he indicated, interest in a research problem is a subjective experience. In most instances, one’s actual interest clashes with the public interest and makes it impossible for the researcher to identify what their actual interest lies in. This however does not mean that pursuing a research of public interest is not a good option; in any case, a good research should be able to benefit the general population as a whole. We must be able to distinguish what we are interest in from other people’s opinion. This is what will inspire us and enable us stay focused throughout our research journey. For instance we can search within our hearts and minds problems in our various communities, industries or even continents which we are passionate about and would wish for these problems to be solved. This will help sieve out the many options from external sources such as the media, and focus on what we are interested in. In effect, if we have a research problem that has been bugging us for quite some time, chances are we have found our true interest to conduct our research on. Another attribute that makes a chosen topic a good one is whether the researcher has the requisite knowledge in their area of interest. It should be noted that doing a literature review enables us to have more insights in our area of interest, narrows down our research focus and directs us to ask more specific questions. In addition, knowing how much knowledge base is available on our chosen field will help us figure out what strategy to adopt in finding data. We can also read some other publications other than the text books and famous business journals available online as well as in print versions to be abreast with our chosen problem area. No matter how much potential our research question has, if we do not have the needed time to conduct our study, it can easily be a wasted effort and disappointment. A researcher can work on a time-feasible research project without having to sacrifice their interest, by breaking down the research problem into several smaller, manageable and more specific questions. It all depends how early they start their research activity. The main point here is for us as researchers to be more realistic about the time available and identify our research question accordingly. In order to ascertain whether an identified problem area must be researched on, it must satisfy primarily three (3) main conditions: i. There should be a perceived difference between what the current situation in the problem area is and what it should have been, all things being equal ii. The reason or reasons for this difference should be ambiguous. If the reason is readily known, then there is no point researching this problem area iii. There should be more that one (1) possible solution to the problem identified. It is very important and of a high significance that one chooses a research topic which is of significance to the current scenario in the society and one’s field of study. One therefore has to select research topics pertaining to business and management practices. Relevance is the key word in this regard. A clear understanding of the assignment will allow the student to focus on other aspects of the process, such as choosing a brilliant topic, which is, identifying the problem area and identifying their target audience. If a possible research topic is not addressing a priority problem, it is not worthwhile researching into it. To avoid duplication, care must be taken to ensure that the chosen topic has not been researched on. If one can find answers to the identified problem in already available, published or unpublished information, or just by using their common sense, then it will not be worthwhile conducting the research on the selected topic. Where it has been established that the problem area has already been researched into, the researcher must investigate whether the most important aspects of the problem area(s) still require some answers or the answers gathered by the predecessor researcher does not address the problem in its entirety. In this case, the same topic could be chosen otherwise the topic should be dropped. One of the most common difficulties in selecting a research topic is focusing on appropriate questions. Initially it might appear that the most exciting, interesting and relevant questions require a 10 year research programme, a team of research assistants and a multi-million research budget! But that isnt actually the case. The question here is, â€Å"how can you make sure that the research project is feasible, manageable and do-able within the normal constraints that he/ she will find themselves in? There are several practical considerations that almost always need to be considered when deciding on the feasibility of a research project. First, the researcher has to think about how long the research will take to accomplish. In addition, the researcher has to question whether there are important ethical constraints that need consideration. Also, one needs to establish whether they can achieve the needed cooperation to take the research project to its successful conclusion. Last and most importantly, the researcher should consider how significant the costs of conducting the research will be. Failure to consider any of these factors can be disastrous to the whole exercise. In general it is advisable for the one conducting the research to choose a topic that has the interest and support of the relevant authorities. This will increase the chance that the results of the study will be implemented. Topics that do not have the support or backing of the decision makers should be avoided as chances are they might never be implemented. In choosing a good research topic, the researcher must also consider the urgency in the needed research results for making a decision or developing interventions. Consideration must be given to which research should be done first and which could be done later. In effect, if the research cannot be done in a timely manner, then it better left not looking into. Topics or problem area that has been identified should be ethically acceptable. The researcher must be mindful of the possibility of their chosen area causing harm to others. We should consider whether there are any relevant ethical issues associated with our chosen area. If we happen to think our research isn’t ethical, we must drop the topic. In relation to the second part of the question which requires us to give five (5) examples of a good research topic and justify why we have chose them are as follow: Why doesn’t the average Ghanaian feel the effect of low inflation in their pockets? There have been impressive stories about declining inflation rates in Ghana in the past few months. The Ghana Statistical Services recently reported that inflation rate has decreased from 15. 2% in December 2003 to 8. 8% in January 2013. But while officials are painting a rather rosy picture of the economy, the average Ghanaian feels very ambivalent about these reported rates for the simple fact that they can hardly see the impact on their everyday cost of living. Economists have debated the seriousness of inflation since time immemorial, yet its economic cost remains ambiguous. It seems no matter the real economic cost of inflation, it does not show a real picture in the cost of living of the average Ghanaian. The confusion surrounding inflation rates in Ghana has to do with measurement problems. There are about three (3) ways of measuring inflation, that is, by the consumer Price Index (CPI), Producer Price Index (PPI) and the Gross National Product (GNP) deflator. The most commonly used index in Ghana is the CPI. Conducting a research on this problem area will inform us whether the CPI way of calculating the inflation rates reflects the actual state of the economy. In addition, we will figure out whether the various consumer products included are realist. The pricing structure of housing units in Ghana, how can it ever be regulated? Compared with other advanced countries, Ghana’s housing industry is at a rudimentary stage. High property prices particularly in the urban centres fuelled by a rapidly growing middle class and an uncontrollable urbanization have turned the housing industry into one of the critical developmental issues facing policy makers. It has been argued that the boom in the housing sector is largely driven by the surge to remittances. Others are of the opinions that the sector has experienced growth mainly because non-resident Ghanaians who have access to low-interest global funds are increasingly investing in the housing sector. If this is the case, then how come houses in Ghana are not affordable? A study into this area to a large extent will reveal the factors driving the pricing of housing units and alternative ways to make houses affordable to the middle class. Women in the corporate management, are they really improving performance? The impact of gender diversity and corporate leadership is not a new phenomenon. Gender diversity within senior management teams has become an increasingly topical issue for three related reasons. First, although the proportion of women at board level generally remains very low, it is changing across the world. Second, government intervention in this area has increased. About seven (7) countries have passed legislation mandating female board representatives to address the issue of fairness and equity. The third and most interesting of the debate around this topic has shifted from an issue equity and fairness to a question of superior performance over their male counterparts. If gender diversity on an entity’s board implies greater profitability then it would make sense to have more women in senior management regardless of government directive. This topic is of interest to a large number of people and as such has a lot literature available on it. It will make a brilliant research topic for these reasons. Are auditors really independent as they are perceived to be? Auditor independence has been termed the cornerstone of the auditing profession, since it is the foundation for the public’s trust in the attest function. However, auditors are faced with pressure to compete among themselves and the likelihood of them not being completely independent has increased overtime that is, staying in business over conforming to ethical requirements. A research in this area will inform us on the actual or perceived independence of auditors and how the business and ethical aspects can be managed. There will be a great literature review on this subject as are result of the Eron scandal in 2011, plus it is of interest to the corporate world. The social network phenomenon, Is it doing more harm than good to our relationships? It is a known fact there are many positives to social media and like everything, there is always a negative to balance the source. As social networks like facebook, twitter, myspace, instagram etc have left positive tracks within our lives; it has also affected us by turning us against one another. Social media whether we like it or not affects our relationships from family, both nuclear and extended, friends, schoolmates, work colleagues, marriages, dating partners, the list goes on and on. The question here is whether the positive effects outweighs the negatives and vice versa. A study in this area will help conclude if social media is worth it after all, on our various relationships. The importance of choosing a good research topic is the primary key to unlocking a successful research exercise. Getting the research question right is an essential, although not always a straightforward step in any research project. Settling on a research question is often difficult to do in isolation, therefore obtaining advice from experts and colleagues, collecting information from the literature and developing an awareness of the context in which the research is likely to be undertaken will all contribute to a successful outcome.

Inflammation :: science

Inflammation Inflammation is the bodies normal response to injured tissues, although it can sometimes lead to further tissue damage. It was first described around 30 BC by Celsius, as tumour (swelling), rubor (redness), calor (heat) and dolour (pain); although excess secretion and loss of function are now commonly added. Inflammation is a response which has evolved to try and put things right in a damaged tissue, for example the pain and loss of function allow the tissue to heal easier whilst the heat and redness are caused by an increased blood flow to the tissue. (1) Inflammation occurs to control infection or injury, to eliminate pathogens, and to initiate healing and tissue repair. (2) An inflammatory pathology is usually indicated by the suffix '-itis', such as in bronchitis, dermatitis, orchitis and enteritis, and can be either acute or chronic. (1) It is a non-specific defence and so the response of the body to a cut, burn, radiation, bacteria or virus are all very similar. There are three basic stages to inflammation: 1) Vasodilation and increased permeability of blood vessels, 2) Phagocyte emigration, and 3) Tissue repair (3) Unfortunately, sometimes inflammation can be the cause of, or increase the symptom severity of a disease, such as in: Tuberculosis, leprosy and syphilis, which are persistent infections with low virulence micro-organisms Silicosis, atherosclerosis and radiation, prolonged exposure to potentially toxic agents. Rheumatoid arthritis and Hashimoto's thyroiditis, autoimmune diseases (4) Body Acute inflammation occurs rapidly, within a few hours after the injury or infection occurs to which the inflammation is acting. Initially venules and arterioles dilate, causing hyperaemia. This then decreases and the vessels increase their permeability, allowing blood plasma and platelets into the tissue as serous exudate. this causes an oedema (excess fluid in the tissue). Fibrinogen in the exudate is converted to fibrin, which deposits itself to help to localise tissue damage and control bleeding. (2) Within an hour of the inflammation starting neutrophils, and then hours later monocytes, arrive on the scene. They leave the bloodstream by emigration (also known as diapedesis), dependent on chemotaxis; they are attracted by microbes, kinins, complement and other neutrophils. These neutrophils attempt to destroy the foreign bodies by phagocytosis. Any remaining dead phagocytes or damaged tissue after a few days becomes purulent exudate, or pus. This may be broken down in the body or may reach the surface of the body, but if it cannot be an abscess may be formed.

Probability Theory and Mathematical Systems Probability

Mathematical Systems Probability Solutions by Bracket A First Course in Probability Chapter 4—Problems 4. Five men and 5 women are ranked according to their scores on an examination. Assume that no two scores are alike and all 10! possible rankings are equally likely. Let X denote the highest ranking achieved by a woman (for instance, X = 1 if the top-ranked person is female). Find P X = i , i = 1, 2, 3, . . . , 8, 9, 10. Let Ei be the event that the the ith scorer is female. Then the event X = i correspdonds to the cc event E1 E2  ·  ·  · Ei . It follows that ccP X = i = P (E1 E2  ·  ·  · Ei ) . c c c c c = P (E1 )P (E2 |E1 )  ·  ·  · P (Ei |E1  ·  ·  · Ei? 1 ) Thus we have P X=i i 1/ 1 2 5/ 2 18 5/ 3 36 5/ 4 84 5/ 5 252 1/ 6 252 0. 7, 8, 9, 10 12. In the game of Two-Finger Morra, 2 players show 1 or 2 ? ngers and simultaneously guess the number of ? ngers their opponent will show. If only one of the players guesses correctly, he wins an amount (in dol lars) equal to the sum of the ? ngers shown by him and his opponent. If both players guess correctly or if neither players guess correctly, then no money is exchanged. Consider a speci? d player and denote by X the amount of money he wins in a single game of Two-Finger Morra. a. If each player acts independently of the other, and if each player makes his choice of the number of ? ngers he will hold up and the number he will guess that his opponent will hold up in such a way that each of the 4 possibilities is equally likely, what are the possible values of X and what are their associated probabilities? A given player can only win 0,  ±2,  ±3, or  ±4 dollars. Consider two players A and B , and let X denote player A’s winnings. Let Aij denote the event that player A shows i ? gers and guesses j , and de? ne Bij similarly for player B. 1 We have P X = 2 = P (A11 B12 ) = P (A11 )P (B12 ) = 1  · 1 = 16 , since we have assumed that 44 1 Aij and Bij are independent and that P (Aij ) = P (Bij ) = 4 . Similarly, we have P X = 3 = 1 1 1 P (A12 B22 ? A21 B11 ) = 16 + 16 = 1 and P X = 4 = P (A22 B21 ) = 16 . Note that the situation 8 1 is completely symmetric for player B, so the we have P X = ? 2 = P X = ? 4 = 16 and 1 P X = ? 3 = 1 . Finally, we have P X = 0 = 1 ? P X = 0 = 1 ? 1 = 2 . 8 2 b. Suppose that each player acts independently of the other.If each player decides to hold up the same number of ? ngers that he guesses his opponent will hold up, and if each player is equally likely to hold up 1 or 2 ? ngers, what are the possible values of X and their associated probabilities? Neither player can win any money in this scenario. If player A shows 1 ? nger and guesses B will show 1 ? nger, then A can only win if B shows 1 ? nger. But if B shows 1 ? nger, then B will guess that A will show 1 ? nger, and thus neither player will win. The same holds for when A shows 2 ? ngers and guesses that B will show 2 ? ngers. Thus, we have P X = 0 = 1. Mathematical S ystems Probability 20. A gambling book recommends the following â€Å"winning strategy† for the game of roulette. It recommends 18 that the gambler bet $1 on red. If red appears (which has probability 38 ), then the gambler should take her $1 pro? t and quit. If the gambler loses this bet (which has probability 20 of occurring), she should 38 make additional $1 bets on red on each of the next two spins of the roulette wheel and then quit. Let X denote the gambler’s winnings when she quits. a. Find P X > 0 . Note that X only takes on the values ? 3, ? 1, and 1. Thus P X>0 =P X=1 P (she wins immediately or she loses and then wins the next two) = P (she wins immediately) + P (she loses and then wins the next two) 18 20 18 18 = +  ·  · ? . 592 38 38 38 38 b. Are you convinced that the winning strategy is indeed a â€Å"winning† strategy? Explain your answer! The expected value of X is negative (? ?. 108), which is accounted for by the fact that although the gamb ler has a high probability of winning $1, she could also lose $3, and the probability of this occuring is not low enough to make the game worth playing in the long run. 21. A total of 4 buses carrying 148 students form the same school arrives at a football stadium.The buses carry, respectively, 40, 33, 25, and 50 students. One of the students is randomly selected. Let X denote the number of students that were on the bus carrying this randomly selected student. One of the 4 bus drivers is also randomly selected. Let Y denote the number of students on her bus. a. Which of E [X ] or E [Y ] do you think is bigger? Why? We should expect E [X ] to be larger since it’s the per-student average rather than the per-bus average, just as the per-student average class size was larger than the per-class average class size (from the example in class). b.Compute E [X ] and E [Y ]. We have 33 40 50 25  · 25 +  · 33 +  · 40 +  · 50 ? 39. 28 148 148 148 148 1 1 1 1 E [Y ] =  · 25 +  · 33 +  · 40 +  · 50 = 37 4 4 4 4 E [X ] = 27. An insurance company writes a policy to the e? ect that an amount of money A must be paid if some event E occurs within a year. If the company estimates that E will occur within a year with probability p, what should it charge the customer in order that its expected pro? t will be 10 percent of A? Let X be denote the company’s pro? t at the end of the year, and w be the amount that the customer is charged. The company’s pro? is w if E does not occur within the year, and w ? A if E does occur within the year. Thus P X = w = (1 ? p) and P X = w ? A = p. Therefore E [X ] = w(1 ? p) + (w ? A)p = w ? Ap. We set E [X ] = . 1A to obtain w = A(p + . 1). 2 Mathematical Systems Probability 31. Each night di? erent meteorologists give us us the probability that it will rain the next day. To judge how well these people predict, we will score each of them as follows: If a meteorologist says that it will rain with probability p, th en he or she will receive a score of 1 ? (1 ? p)2 if it does rain, 1 ? p2 if it does not rain.We will then keep track of scores over a certain time span and conclude that the meteorologist with the highest average score is the best predictor of weather. Suppose now that a given meteorologist is aware of this and wants to maximize his or her expected score. If this person truly believes that it will rain tomorrow with probability p? , what value of p should he or she assert so as to maximize the expected score? Let X be the score that the meteorologist receives, given that she has asserted that it will rain tomorrow with probability p. Then P X = [1 ? (1 ? p)2 ] = p? and P X = (1 ? p2 ) = (1 ? ? ). It follows that E [X ] = [1 ? (1 ? p)2 ]p? + (1 ? p2 )(1 ? p? ), which we rearrange and write as a function of p to obtain E [X ] = f (p) = ? p2 + 2p? p + 1 ? p? . We di? erentiate with respect to p to obtain f (p) = ? 2p + 2p? , which clearly has a zero at p = p? . It is straightforward t o verify that f has a maximum at this zero, so the meteorologist should assert p = p? as the probability that it will rain tomorrow. 41. A man claims to have extrasensory perception. As a test, a fair coin is ? ipped 10 times, and the man is asked to predict the outcome in advance. He gets 7 out of 10 correct.What is the probability that he would have done at least this well if he had no ESP? If the man were just guessing, then on each ? ip he would have probability p = 1 of getting the 2 correct answer. Let X be the number of correct guesses out of a sequence of 10 coin ? ips, and we can see that X is a binomial random variable with parameters 10 and 1 . Thus P X ? 7 = 2 10 10 1 i 1 10? i 11 (2) (2) = 64 . i=7 i 51. The expected number of typographical errors on a page of a certain magazine is . 2. What is the probability that the next page you read contains (a)0 and (b)2 or more typographical errors?Explain your reasoning. Let X be the number of typographical errors on a page of a magazine. Then X is a Poisson random variable with parameter ? = E [X ] = . 2. We then have P X = 0 = e?. 2 ? .819 and P X ? 2 = 1 ? P X < 2 = 1 ? P X = 0 ? P X = 1 = 1 ? e?. 2 ? .2e?. 2 ? .0175. 57. Suppose that the number of accidents occurring on a highway each day is a Poisson random variable with parameter ? = 3. a. Find the probability that 3 or more accidents occur today. Let X denote the number of accidents on the stretch of road. Then P X ? 3 = 1 ? P X < 3 = 1 ? e? 3 ? 3e? 3 ? 9 e? 3 ? .577. 2 b.Repeat part (a) under the assumption that at least 1 accident occurs today. Note that that the event â€Å"there are three or more accidents today,† is a subset of the event â€Å"there is at least one accident today,† and thus the intersection of the two is just the former. It follows that P X? 3 1 ? e? 3 ? 3e? 3 ? 9 e? 3 2 P X ? 3|X ? 1 = = ? . 607. 1 ? e? 3 P X? 1 3 Mathematical Systems Probability 63. People enter a gambling casino at a rate of 1 for every 2 minut es. a. What is the probability that no one enters between 12:00 and 12:05? If X is the number of people entering within the 5 minute interval, then X is a Poisson random 5 variable with parameter ? = 2  · 5. Thus, P X = 0 = e? 2 ? .082. b. What is the probability that at least 4 people enter the casino during that time? Using the same random variable as above, we have 5 55 25 ? 5 125 ? 5 e 2? e 2 ? .242 P X ? 4 = 1 ? e? 2 ? e? 2 ? 2 4  · 2! 8  · 3! 68. In response to an attack of ten missiles, ? ve hundred antiballistic missiles are launched. The missile targets of the antiballistic missiles are independent, with each being equally likely to go towards any of the missiles. If each antiballistic missile independently hits its target with probability . , use the Poisson paradigm to approximate the probability that all missiles are hit. Consider one particular missile M . A particular antiballistic missile A selects M as its target with probability . 1, and if A selects M then it has probability . 1 of hitting it. Hence any such A will hit M with probability (. 1)(. 1) = . 01. Then the likely number of times M gets hit is roughly 500(. 01) = 5. Hence by the Poisson paradigm, if X is M ’s likely number of hits then X is a Poisson(5) variable. Thus the probability that M is hit is P X > 0 = 1 ? P X = 0 = 1 ? e? 5 .There are 10 missiles, so the probability that all of them are hit is then roughly (1 ? e? 5 )10 . 71. Consider a roulette wheel consisting of 38 numbers—1 through 36, 0, and double 0. If Smith always bets that the outcome will be one of the numbers 1 through 12, what is the probability that a. Smith will lose his ? rst 5 bets; Since Smith will lose with probability 26 38 , we will lose his ? rst 5 bets with probability ( 13 )5 ? .15. 19 b. his ? rst win will occur on his 4th bet? Note that this is a geometric random variable with parameter p = 12 (or alternatively, a negative 38 inomial random variable with parameters p = 12 and r = 1 ). Smith’s ? rst win will occur on his 38 13 6 4th bet with probabiltity ( 19 )3  · 19 ? .101. 75. A fair coin is continually ? ipped until heads appears for the tenth time. Let X denote the number of tails that occur. Compute the probability mass function of X . Let Y be a negative binomial random variable with parameters p = 1 and r = 10. An appropriate 2 sequence with n tails in it must contain n + 10 ? ips in it total, and thus n+10 (n + 10) ? 1 r n+9 1 P X = n = P Y = n + 10 = p (1 ? p)(n+10)? r = 2 r? 1 9 4

Industrialization During The United States - 1056 Words

Industrialization in the Unites States occurred between 1850 and 1950. It was the approach from the United States to become larger with enhanced technology to produce a life which cost less and was more efficient. While some might dispute that Industrialization had primarily positive consequences for society because of an abundance of job opportunities, it had a negative impact on society. Therefore, industrialization’s negative effects were atrocious working conditions, children’s little or no education, and pollution from factories. The employees had horrendous working conditions that they had to endure because their pay was needed to support their family. One example, â€Å"[Before] dawn my labor drives me forth, Tis night when I am free;† (Document 2). This parent works all day and night, thus never able to spend time with their son. Therefore, the son has been able to have a roof over his head due to his parent’s paycheck yet never get the affection that he desperately demands. In addition, Elizabeth Bentley testified, â€Å"C: You are considerably deformed in person as a consequence of this labour? B: Yes I am† (Document 7). Working conditions today are, luckily, much better with laws regulating associations from engaging people to do painstaking, fatal assignments and operations. Yet, they did not have sympathy for the people at this point because the public desired more money and cheaper goods. According to Lewis Hine’s photo, â€Å"the children stood on top of the machines nearShow MoreRelatedIndustrialization During The United States1056 Words   |  5 PagesIndustrialization in the United States occurred between 1850 and 1950. It was the approach from the United States to become larger with enhanced technology to produce a life which cost less and was more efficient. While some might dispute that Industrialization had primarily positive consequences for society because of an abundance of job opportunities , it had a negative impact on society. 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Though the war was over, there were still many problems that needed to be resolved in order to reunite the states as a nation. The time period in which steps were taken to rebuild the nation is known as reconstruction. Reconstruction lasted from 1865 until 1877. TheRead MoreIndustrialization : The Transformation Period From An Agricultural Economy1157 Words   |  5 PagesIndustrialization: the transformation period from an agricultural economy to a mass-producing one. This is an essential step towards avoiding poverty that is established in less-developed states by transitioning from an agrarian to an industrial society. Two broad aspects of industrializing are a change in labor activity, such as farming to manufacturing, and how productive economic output occurs. Within this process, new industries are allowed to develop and the quality of life is improved due toRead MoreEssay on The Impact of Industrialization 908 Words   |  4 PagesDuring the 19th century, modifications and innovative ideas formed what would shape the face of the modern world. Industrialization was the shift from an agrarian and handmade economy to a machine and manufactured one (Judge 664). It transpired in Britain first and eventually spread across the Atlantic and the United States. Industrialization helped pave the way towards more workers’ rights, stronger nations, improved economies, and improvements for the middle and lower classes. The movement forRead MoreSecond Industrial Revolution1000 Words   |  4 Pagesdescription of two developments of industrialization that positively affected the United States and two developments that negatively affected the United States will be discussed. An analysis of whether or not industrialization was generally beneficial or detrimental to the lives of Americans and the history of the United States will be outlined. Second US Industrial Revolution, 1870 -1910 In this brief paper, a description of two developments of industrialization that positively affected AmericanRead MoreIndustrialization During The Civil War1281 Words   |  6 Pages The Industrialization era in the United States brought immense change to the rebuilding country after the civil war. During the Industrialization era in the United States reforms were made to help create a better working condition to go along with the increase of production and growing number of people in the workforce. Key individuals helped advance the process of a more industrialized America, however corruption in business and politics also monopolies in certain parts of industries came with Industrialization During The United States - 1056 Words Industrialization in the United States occurred between 1850 and 1950. It was the approach from the United States to become larger with enhanced technology to produce a life which cost less and was more efficient. While some might dispute that Industrialization had primarily positive consequences for society because of an abundance of job opportunities, it had a negative impact on society. Therefore, industrialization’s negative effects were atrocious working conditions, children’s little or no education, and pollution from factories. The employees had horrendous working conditions that they had to endure because their pay was needed to support their family. One example, â€Å"[Before] dawn my labor drives me forth, Tis night when I am free;† (Document 2). This parent works all day and night, thus never able to spend time with their son. Therefore, the son has been able to have a roof over his head due to his parent’s paycheck yet never get the affection that he desperately demands. In addition, Elizabeth Bentley testified, â€Å"C: You are considerably deformed in person as a consequence of this labour? B: Yes I am† (Document 7). Working conditions today are, luckily, much better with laws regulating associations from engaging people to do painstaking, fatal assignments and operations. Yet, they did not have sympathy for the people at this point because the public desired more money and cheaper goods. According to Lewis Hine’s photo, â€Å"the children stood on top of the machines nearShow MoreRelatedIndustrialization During The United States1056 Words   |  5 PagesIndustrialization in the Unites States occurred between 1850 and 1950. 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This dramatic economic and social transformation instigated a series of outcomes, both positive and negative, for the United States during the earlyRead MoreHis 105 Assignment 21361 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿ Industrialization after the Civil War John E. Brown Strayer University HIS 105- Contemporary U. S. History Professor Anthony McCormack November 9, 2014 Industrialization after the Civil War When the Civil War was declared over, the United States became a better nation because of the Constitutional Amendments that were passed outlawing slavery and giving the government as well as the state the ability to serve and protect everyone. This paper will also show major aspects ofRead MoreIndustrial Revolution1160 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿ Industrialization of the 19th Century in America Matt Capone FIN 419 Professor Moore May 3, 2014 Over the course of time, the country of America has changed in many ways. Towards the end of the 19th century, a significant change took place in the fundamental structure of the economy. That change was industrialization. During this time period, the United States of America changed from a large, agricultural country, to an urban industrial society. The process of industrializationRead MoreImperialism And The United States Experience During World War I855 Words   |  4 PagesDuring World War One, the United States encountered many challenges, affecting America and Foreign Nations and their respective populations. Imperialism, economic expansion and industrialization impacted the United States’ experience during World War One. Americans were forced to recognize their strengths and weaknesses internally and externally. Imperialism is defined as a policy or practice by which a country increases its power by gaining control over other areas of the world . Prior to UnitedRead MoreReconstruction and Industrialization1446 Words   |  6 PagesAssignment 1: â€Å"America’s Post-Civil War Growing Pains† Reconstruction and Industrialization 1865-1900 Four years after the first shots were fired at Fort Sumter the Civil War ended with the Union’s Victory over the Confederacy. Though the war was over, there were still many problems that needed to be resolved in order to reunite the states as a nation. The time period in which steps were taken to rebuild the nation is known as reconstruction. Reconstruction lasted from 1865 until 1877. TheRead MoreIndustrialization : The Transformation Period From An Agricultural Economy1157 Words   |  5 PagesIndustrialization: the transformation period from an agricultural economy to a mass-producing one. This is an essential step towards avoiding poverty that is established in less-developed states by transitioning from an agrarian to an industrial society. Two broad aspects of industrializing are a change in labor activity, such as farming to manufacturing, and how productive economic output occurs. Within this process, new industries are allowed to develop and the quality of life is improved due toRead MoreEssay on The Impact of Industrialization 908 Words   |  4 PagesDuring the 19th century, modifications and innovative ideas formed what would shape the face of the modern world. Industrialization was the shift from an agrarian and handmade economy to a machine and manufactured one (Judge 664). It transpired in Britain first and eventually spread across the Atlantic and the United States. Industrialization helped pave the way towards more workers’ rights, stronger nations, improved economies, and improvements for the middle and lower classes. The movement forRead MoreSecond Industrial Revolution1000 Words   |  4 Pagesdescription of two developments of industrialization that positively affected the United States and two developments that negatively affected the United States will be discussed. An analysis of whether or not industrialization was generally beneficial or detrimental to the lives of Americans and the history of the United States will be outlined. Second US Industrial Revolution, 1870 -1910 In this brief paper, a description of two developments of industrialization that positively affected AmericanRead MoreIndustrialization During The Civil War1281 Words   |  6 Pages The Industrialization era in the United States brought immense change to the rebuilding country after the civil war. During the Industrialization era in the United States reforms were made to help create a better working condition to go along with the increase of production and growing number of people in the workforce. Key individuals helped advance the process of a more industrialized America, however corruption in business and politics also monopolies in certain parts of industries came with